formerly: Carpathian Ukraine, Ukrainian Socialists Soviet Republic.
Other Cities:
Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Kharkiv, Lviv, Odesa
Government:
Type: Presidential-parliamentary.
Independence: August 24, 1991.
Constitution: First post-Soviet constitution adopted June 28, 1996.
Geography:
Location: Eastern Europe north of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, bordered by Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova, Russia, and Belarus.
Area: 603,000 km² (233,100 sq mi)
Terrain: mostly flat; 95% of lands are plains and 5% are mountainous.
Climate: two climatic zones: moderate and subtropical at the southern shore of Crimea.
People:
Nationality: Ukrainian(s)
Population: 41.6 million (2020)
Ethnic Groups: Ukrainians, Russians, Belarusians, Moldovans, Hungarians, Bulgarians,
Jews, Poles, Crimean Tatars, and other groups.
Religions: Ukrainian Orthodoxy, Ukrainian Greek Catholicism, Judaism, Roman Catholicism,
Islam
Languages: Ukrainian (official), Russian, others
Literacy: 98%
Agriculture products: grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, vegetables, beef, and milk.
Natural resources: oil, natural gas, manganese, coal, iron ore, mercury, nickel, kaolin, magnesium, titanium, graphite, sulfur, and salt.
Industries: coal, electric power, ferrous and nonferrous metals, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, and food processing.
Exports - commodities: ferrous and nonferrous metals, fuel and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, and transport equipment, foodstuffs.
Exports - partners: Russia 9.2%,
Poland 6.5%,
Turkey 5.6%,
India 5.5%,
Italy 5.2%,
China 4.6%,
Germany 4.3% (2017)
Imports - commodities: energy, machinery and equipment, chemicals.
Imports - partners: Russia 14.5%, China 11.3%, Germany 11.2%, Poland 7%,
Belarus 6.7%,
USA 5.1% (2017)
Currency: Ukrainian Hryvnia (UAH)
(Source: Embassy of Ukraine and others)
